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754 lines
19 KiB
Markdown
754 lines
19 KiB
Markdown
---
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layout: post
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title: WebService
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tags: WebService Java
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categories: web
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---
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* TOC
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{:toc}
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**WSDL**
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`definitions` 为根节点，属性为
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>`name`：WS 名称，默认为“实现类 + Service”
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>
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>`targetNamespace`：WS 目标命名空间，默认为“WS 实现类对应包名倒排后构成的地址”
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`definitions`的5个子节点
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>`types`：描述了 WS 中所涉及的数据类型
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>
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>`portType`：定义了 WS 接口名称`portType.name`（`endpointInterface`默认为“WS 实现类所实现的接口”），及其操作名称，以及每个操作的输入与输出消息
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>
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>`message`：对相关消息进行了定义（供 types 与 portType 使用）
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>
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>`binding`：提供了对 WS 的数据绑定方式
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>
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>`service`：WS 名称及其端口名称`service_port.name`（`portName`默认为“WS 实现类 + Port”），以及对应的 WSDL 地址
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**SOAP**
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`header`
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`body`
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---
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# `一`、产品
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**soap**风格 (JAX-WS规范JSR-224)
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JAX-WS RI：https://jax-ws.java.net/ Oracle 官方提供的实现
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Axis：http://axis.apache.org/
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CXF：http://cxf.apache.org/
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**rest**风格 (JAX-RS规范JSR-339)
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Jersey：https://jersey.java.net/ Oracle 官方提供的实现
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Restlet：http://restlet.com/
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RESTEasy：http://resteasy.jboss.org/
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CXF：http://cxf.apache.org/
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# `二`、JDK发布与调用
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## `1`.发布
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### 定义接口
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~~~java
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//此注解必须
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@WebService
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public interface HelloService {
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String say();
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}
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~~~
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### 实现接口
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~~~java
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@WebService(serviceName = "HelloService",
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portName = "HelloServicePort",
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endpointInterface = "org.sllx.practice.jdkws.HelloService")
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public class HelloServiceImpl implements HelloService {
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@Override
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public String say() {
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return "helloWorld";
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}
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}
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~~~
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### 发布服务
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~~~java
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public class Server {
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public static void main(String[] args){
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String address = "http://localhost:8081/ws/soap/hello";
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HelloService helloService = new HelloServiceImpl();
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Endpoint.publish(address, helloService);
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System.out.println("ws is published [" + address + "?wsdl]");
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}
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}
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~~~
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访问`http://localhost:8081/ws/soap/hello?wsdl`即可查看详情
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## `2`.调用
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### 静态客户端
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`wsimport http://localhost:8080/ws/soap/hello?wsdl`//通过 WSDL 地址生成 class 文件
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`jar -cf client.jar .` //通过 jar 命令将若干 class 文件压缩为一个 jar 包
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`rmdir /s/q demo `//删除生成的 class 文件（删除根目录即可）
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~~~java
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public static void main(String[] args){
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HelloService_Service hss = new HelloService_Service();
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HelloService hs = hss.getHelloServicePort();
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System.out.println(hs.say());
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}
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~~~
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### 动态代理客户端
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只需提供`HelloService`接口，无需jar
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~~~java
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public static void main(String[] args){
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try {
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URL wsdl = new URL("http://localhost:8081/ws/soap/hello?wsdl");
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QName serviceName = new QName("http://jdkws.practice.sllx.org/", "HelloService");
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QName portName = new QName("http://jdkws.practice.sllx.org/", "HelloServicePort");
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Service service = Service.create(wsdl, serviceName);
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HelloService helloService = service.getPort(portName, HelloService.class);
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String result = helloService.say();
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System.out.println(result);
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} catch (Exception e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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}
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~~~
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# `三`、CXF
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User为自定义的POJO类
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web发布示例集成spring
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## `1.`SOAP风格
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### 定义接口
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~~~java
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package top.rainynight.sitews.user.ws;
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import top.rainynight.sitews.user.entity.User;
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import javax.jws.WebService;
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@WebService
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public interface UserWS {
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User lookOver(int id);
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}
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~~~
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### 实现接口
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~~~java
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package top.rainynight.sitews.user.ws;
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import top.rainynight.sitews.user.entity.User;
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import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
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@Component("userWS")
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public class UserWSImpl implements UserWS {
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@Override
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public User lookOver(int id) {
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return new User();
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}
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}
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~~~
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### 发布服务
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#### ①Jetty发布
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配置依赖
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~~~xml
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<properties>
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<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
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<cxf.version>3.0.0</cxf.version>
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</properties>
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<dependencies>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
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<artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws</artifactId>
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<version>${cxf.version}</version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
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<artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-http-jetty</artifactId>
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<version>${cxf.version}</version>
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</dependency>
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</dependencies>
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~~~
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发布
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~~~java
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public class JaxWsServer {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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JaxWsServerFactoryBean factory = new JaxWsServerFactoryBean();
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factory.setAddress("http://localhost:8080/ws/user");
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factory.setServiceClass(UserWS.class);
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factory.setServiceBean(new UserWSImpl());
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factory.create();
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System.out.println("soap ws is published");
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}
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}
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~~~
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访问`http://localhost:8080/ws/user?wsdl`
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#### ②Web发布
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配置依赖
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~~~xml
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<properties>
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<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
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<spring.version>4.0.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
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<cxf.version>3.0.0</cxf.version>
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</properties>
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<dependencies>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
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<version>${spring.version}</version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
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<artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws</artifactId>
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<version>${cxf.version}</version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
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<artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-http</artifactId>
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<version>${cxf.version}</version>
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</dependency>
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</dependencies>
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~~~
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配置web.xml
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~~~xml
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<listener>
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<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
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</listener>
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<context-param>
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<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
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<param-value>
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classpath:spring.xml
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</param-value>
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</context-param>
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<servlet>
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<servlet-name>cxf</servlet-name>
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<servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class>
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</servlet>
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<servlet-mapping>
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<servlet-name>cxf</servlet-name>
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<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
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</servlet-mapping>
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~~~
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发布
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~~~xml
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<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
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xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
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xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
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xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
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http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws
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http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd">
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<context:component-scan base-package="top.rainynight.sitews.user.ws" />
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<!-- 下面的方法更简单
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<jaxws:server address="/ws/user">
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<jaxws:serviceBean>
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<ref bean="userWS"/>
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</jaxws:serviceBean>
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</jaxws:server>
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-->
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<jaxws:endpoint implementor="# userWS" address="/ws/user" />
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</beans>
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~~~
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访问`http://localhost:8080/ws/user?wsdl`
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### 调用服务
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#### ①静态客户端
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~~~java
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public class JaxWsClient {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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JaxWsProxyFactoryBean factory = new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean();
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factory.setAddress("http://localhost:8080/ws/user");
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factory.setServiceClass(UserWS .class);
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UserWS userWS = factory.create(UserWS .class);
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User result = userWS .lookOver(1);
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System.out.println(result);
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}
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}
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~~~
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#### ②动态代理客户端
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~~~java
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public class JaxWsDynamicClient {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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JaxWsDynamicClientFactory factory = JaxWsDynamicClientFactory.newInstance();
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Client client = factory.createClient("http://localhost:8080/ws/user?wsdl");
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try {
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Object[] results = client.invoke("lookOver", 1);
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System.out.println(results[0]);
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} catch (Exception e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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}
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}
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~~~
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#### ③通用动态代理客户端
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既可调用 JAX-WS 服务，也可调用 Simple 服务
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~~~java
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public class DynamicClient {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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DynamicClientFactory factory = DynamicClientFactory.newInstance();
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Client client = factory.createClient("http://localhost:8080/ws/user?wsdl");
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try {
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Object[] results = client.invoke("lookOver", 1);
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System.out.println(results[0]);
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} catch (Exception e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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}
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}
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~~~
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#### ④Spring客户端
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~~~xml
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<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
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xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
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xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
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http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws
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http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd">
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<jaxws:client id="userWSClient"
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serviceClass="top.rainynight.sitews.user.ws.UserWS"
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address="http://localhost:8080/ws/user"/>
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</beans>
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~~~
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~~~java
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public class UserWSClient{
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-client.xml");
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UserWS userWS= context.getBean("userWSClient", UserWS.class);
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User result = userWS.lookOver(1);
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System.out.println(result);
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}
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}
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~~~
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## `2`.REST风格
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### 定义接口
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`!`REST 规范允许资源类没有接口
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>请求方式注解，包括：`@GET、@POST、@PUT、@DELETE`
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>
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>请求路径注解，包括：`@Path` ，其中包括一个路径参数
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>
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>数据格式注解，包括：`@Consumes`（输入）、`@Produces`（输出），可使用 `MediaType` 常量
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>
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>相关参数注解，包括：`@PathParam`（路径参数）、`@FormParam`（表单参数），此外还有 `@QueryParam`（请求参数）
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~~~java
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package top.rainynight.sitews.user.ws;
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import top.rainynight.sitews.user.entity.User;
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import javax.jws.WebService;
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@WebService
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@Path("/")
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public interface UserWS {
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@GET
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@Path("{id:[1-9]{1,9}}")
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@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
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User lookOver(@PathParam("id") int id);
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}
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~~~
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### 实现接口
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~~~java
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package top.rainynight.sitews.user.ws;
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import top.rainynight.sitews.user.entity.User;
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import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
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@Component("userWS")
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public class UserWSImpl implements UserWS {
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@Override
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public User lookOver(int id) {
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return new User();
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}
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}
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~~~
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### 发布服务
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#### ①jetty发布
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配置依赖
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~~~xml
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<properties>
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<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
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<cxf.version>3.0.0</cxf.version>
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<jackson.version>2.4.1</jackson.version>
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</properties>
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<dependencies>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
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<artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxrs</artifactId>
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<version>${cxf.version}</version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
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<artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-http-jetty</artifactId>
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<version>${cxf.version}</version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs</groupId>
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<artifactId>jackson-jaxrs-json-provider</artifactId>
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<version>${jackson.version}</version>
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</dependency>
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</dependencies>
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~~~
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发布
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~~~java
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public class Server {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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// 添加 ResourceClass
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List<Class<?>> resourceClassList = new ArrayList<Class<?>>();
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resourceClassList.add(UserWSImpl .class);
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// 添加 ResourceProvider
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List<ResourceProvider> resourceProviderList = new ArrayList<ResourceProvider>();
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resourceProviderList.add(new SingletonResourceProvider(new ProductServiceImpl()));
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// 添加 Provider
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List<Object> providerList = new ArrayList<Object>();
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providerList.add(new JacksonJsonProvider());
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// 发布 REST 服务
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JAXRSServerFactoryBean factory = new JAXRSServerFactoryBean();
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factory.setAddress("http://localhost:8080/rs/user");
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factory.setResourceClasses(resourceClassList);
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factory.setResourceProviders(resourceProviderList);
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factory.setProviders(providerList);
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factory.create();
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System.out.println("rest ws is published");
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}
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}
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~~~
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访问`http://localhost:8080/rs/user?_wadl`
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#### ②web发布
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配置依赖
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|
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~~~xml
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<properties>
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<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
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<spring.version>4.0.6.RELEASE</spring.version>
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<cxf.version>3.0.0</cxf.version>
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<jackson.version>2.4.1</jackson.version>
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</properties>
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<dependencies>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
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<version>${spring.version}</version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
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<artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxrs</artifactId>
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<version>${cxf.version}</version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs</groupId>
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<artifactId>jackson-jaxrs-json-provider</artifactId>
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<version>${jackson.version}</version>
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</dependency>
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</dependencies>
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~~~
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配置web.xml
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|
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~~~xml
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<listener>
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<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
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</listener>
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<context-param>
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<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
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<param-value>
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classpath:spring.xml
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</param-value>
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</context-param>
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<servlet>
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<servlet-name>cxf</servlet-name>
|
||
<servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class>
|
||
</servlet>
|
||
<servlet-mapping>
|
||
<servlet-name>cxf</servlet-name>
|
||
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
|
||
</servlet-mapping>
|
||
~~~
|
||
|
||
发布
|
||
|
||
~~~xml
|
||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
||
|
||
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
|
||
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
|
||
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
|
||
xmlns:jaxrs="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs"
|
||
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
|
||
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
|
||
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
|
||
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
|
||
http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs
|
||
http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxrs.xsd">
|
||
|
||
<context:component-scan base-package="top.rainynight.sitews.user.ws" />
|
||
|
||
<jaxrs:server address="/rs/user">
|
||
<jaxrs:serviceBeans>
|
||
<ref bean="userWS"/>
|
||
</jaxrs:serviceBeans>
|
||
<jaxrs:providers>
|
||
<bean class="com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs.json.JacksonJsonProvider"/>
|
||
</jaxrs:providers>
|
||
</jaxrs:server>
|
||
</beans>
|
||
~~~
|
||
|
||
访问`http://localhost:8080/rs/user?_wadl`
|
||
|
||
### 调用服务
|
||
|
||
#### ①JAX-RS 1.0 客户端
|
||
|
||
~~~java
|
||
public class JAXRSClient {
|
||
|
||
public static void main(String[] args) {
|
||
String baseAddress = "http://localhost:8080/rs/user";
|
||
|
||
List<Object> providerList = new ArrayList<Object>();
|
||
providerList.add(new JacksonJsonProvider());
|
||
|
||
UserWS userWS = JAXRSClientFactory.create(baseAddress, UserWS.class, providerList);
|
||
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
~~~
|
||
|
||
#### ②JAX-RS 2.0 客户端
|
||
|
||
~~~java
|
||
public class JAXRS20Client {
|
||
|
||
public static void main(String[] args) {
|
||
String baseAddress = "http://localhost:8080/rs/user";
|
||
|
||
JacksonJsonProvider jsonProvider = new JacksonJsonProvider();
|
||
|
||
List<User> userList = ClientBuilder.newClient()
|
||
.register(jsonProvider)
|
||
.target(baseAddress)
|
||
.path("/1")
|
||
.request(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
|
||
.get(new GenericType<List<User>>() {});
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
~~~
|
||
|
||
#### ③WebClient 客户端
|
||
|
||
~~~java
|
||
public class CXFWebClient {
|
||
|
||
public static void main(String[] args) {
|
||
String baseAddress = "http://localhost:8080/rs/user";
|
||
|
||
List<Object> providerList = new ArrayList<Object>();
|
||
providerList.add(new JacksonJsonProvider());
|
||
|
||
List<User> userList = WebClient.create(baseAddress, providerList)
|
||
.path("/1")
|
||
.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
|
||
.get(new GenericType<List<User>>() {});
|
||
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
~~~
|
||
|
||
#### ④AJAX客户端
|
||
|
||
~~~javascript
|
||
$.ajax({
|
||
type: 'get',
|
||
url: 'http://localhost:8080/rs/user/1',
|
||
dataType: 'json',
|
||
success: function(data) {
|
||
//...
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
~~~
|
||
|
||
跨域方案1：jsonp
|
||
|
||
~~~xml
|
||
<dependency>
|
||
<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
|
||
<artifactId>cxf-rt-rs-extension-providers</artifactId>
|
||
<version>${cxf.version}</version>
|
||
</dependency>
|
||
~~~
|
||
|
||
~~~xml
|
||
<jaxrs:server address="/rs/user">
|
||
<jaxrs:serviceBeans>
|
||
<ref bean="userWS"/>
|
||
</jaxrs:serviceBeans>
|
||
<jaxrs:providers>
|
||
<bean class="com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs.json.JacksonJsonProvider"/>
|
||
<bean class="org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.provider.jsonp.JsonpPreStreamInterceptor"/>
|
||
</jaxrs:providers>
|
||
<jaxrs:inInterceptors>
|
||
<bean class="org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.provider.jsonp.JsonpInInterceptor"/>
|
||
</jaxrs:inInterceptors>
|
||
<jaxrs:outInterceptors>
|
||
<bean class="org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.provider.jsonp.JsonpPostStreamInterceptor"/>
|
||
</jaxrs:outInterceptors>
|
||
</jaxrs:server>
|
||
~~~
|
||
|
||
~~~javascript
|
||
$.ajax({
|
||
type: 'get',
|
||
url: 'http://localhost:8080/rs/user/1',
|
||
dataType: 'jsonp',
|
||
jsonp: '_jsonp',
|
||
jsonpCallback: 'callback',
|
||
success: function(data) {
|
||
//...
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
~~~
|
||
|
||
跨域方案2：cors
|
||
|
||
~~~xml
|
||
<dependency>
|
||
<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
|
||
<artifactId>cxf-rt-rs-security-cors</artifactId>
|
||
<version>${cxf.version}</version>
|
||
</dependency>
|
||
~~~
|
||
|
||
~~~xml
|
||
<jaxrs:server address="/rs/user">
|
||
<jaxrs:serviceBeans>
|
||
<ref bean="userWS"/>
|
||
</jaxrs:serviceBeans>
|
||
<jaxrs:providers>
|
||
<bean class="com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs.json.JacksonJsonProvider"/>
|
||
<bean class="org.apache.cxf.rs.security.cors.CrossOriginResourceSharingFilter">
|
||
<property name="allowOrigins" value="http://localhost"/>
|
||
</bean>
|
||
</jaxrs:providers>
|
||
</jaxrs:server>
|
||
~~~
|
||
|
||
allowOrigins 设置客户端域名
|
||
|
||
IE8 中使用 jQuery 发送 AJAX 请求时，需要配置 `$.support.cors = true`
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
## `～～`警告`～～`
|
||
`!warning` 极重要，cxf在wsdl中发布的`targetNamespace`是实现类路径，而被调用时却只接受接口路径。所以，请将接口与实现类放在同一路径下，或者在实现类中指定`targetNamespace`为接口的路径；否则客户端将抛出 ..common.i18n.UncheckedException: No operation was found with the name ... 异常 |